Columbia CrossFit

Does Practice Make Perfect or Is It All in Our Genes?

by Laura Schwecherl · Wednesday, January 4th, 2012 04:08 pm GMT -5 · 

Why is it that some people are college basketball MVP’s and ultra-marathoners, while others get a pat on the back for making it through a round of mini-golf? Though there are certain genes that help determine both how active and athletic we are, getting the gold also comes down to motivation and hard work ^[1]. (Sorry, sideline slackers.)

All for Sport — Why It Matters

Photo by Jordan Shakeshaft

We shouldn’t only thank our genes for that sweet smile and bangin’ bod; there are over 200 different genes specifically connected to fitness and performance levels ^[2]. One specific genotype, ACTN3, has been linked to the more athletically-inclined. Depending on the combination of variants we possess, the gene can help produce a protein found in fast-twitch muscles (essential for sprinting and strength-related sports). And when putting the gene to the test, researchers found that over half of elite sprinters possess that magic combination— two copies of the R variant— which produces this power protein.
But being an athletic powerhouse isn’t only thanks to strength, and staying motivated is also key to making the cut. One study found certain hereditary traits like self-discipline translate to voluntary exercise. When looking specifically at twins, their willingness to hit the gym was largely credited to their genes. (Thanks, dad!)

Talkin’ About Practice — The Answer/Debate

Still, the extent of influence genetics have on our A-game remains unclear ^[3]. In fact, scientists have yet to pinpoint a gene that will produce the next great Wayne Gretzky or Serena Williams. There’s also some mystery that goes beyond biology: Aside from being able to sink that three-pointer, athletic success also stems from being able to “feel” the game, or “see the court”— a skill that still baffles most scientists. Environmental and sociological factors, like access to facilities and family support, also play a part in athletic performance.
In the long run, many factors influence our sports star status— some of which we can control. Aspiring athletes must be willing to train long and hard, regardless of what’s passed down from mom and dad ^[4]. So even though genetics can influence potential, no one pops out ready to join the Olympic team. A person can’t just lounge in the pool and out-swim Phelps. We have to work hard, and maybe even more importantly— love what we do— to become a natural.